Abstract:TimeDivision-Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA), a home-grown standard for the third generation mobile communications, is already mature and ready for commercial deployment. The enhancement and evolution of TD-SCDMA systems is a hot topic these days. Many strategies have been proposed, but there are no integrated solutions that can jointly consider the development both in the short term and in the long term. This paper discusses four evolution phases for TD-SCDMA enhancement and evolution, which are proposed according to the key technologies. Phase 1 is about the existing TD-SCDMA system. Phase 2 is the short term evolution of the system, i.e. the period of HSxPA, including evolution of High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA), High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA) and High Speed Packet Access (HSPA). Phase 3 is the Long Term Evolution (LTE). Phase 4 is the Beyond 3G (B3G)/Fourth Generation (4G) mobile communication Time Division Duplex (TDD) system, based on TD-SCDMA. Key characters for every evolution phase are discussed, as well as the new technologies adopted in the evolution process, such as Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM).