Linux系统下的Oracle数据库编程详解

#JAVA环境设置
eXPort CLASSPATH=.:/usr/local/java/lib:/usr/local/jre/lib
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java
#Oracle数据库环境设置
export ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE
export ORACLE_SID=MyDB
export ORACLE_TERM=vt100
export ORACLE_OWNER=oracle
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
#设置JDBC和SQLJ的编译和运行环境
export CLASSPATH=:$CLASSPATH:$ORACLE_HOME/jdbc/lib/classes111.zip
export CLASSPATH=:$CLASSPATH:$ORACLE_HOME/jdbc/lib/nls_charset11.zip
export CLASSPATH=:$CLASSPATH:$ORACLE_HOME/sqlj/lib/runtime12.zip
export CLASSPATH=:$CLASSPATH:$ORACLE_HOME/sqlj/lib/translator.zip
#设置搜索路径
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/java/bin:/usr/local/jre/bin:/bin:/sbin
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

$sqlplus system/manager
SQL>create user test identified by test default tablspace users;
SQL>grant connect to test;
SQL>grant resource to test;
SQL>connect test/test;
SQL>create table student(id number,name varchar2(20),score number);
SQL>insert into test values(1,’zhang’,95);

#include <stdio.h>
EXEC SQL INCLUDE SQLCA;
void main()
{
  /*声明宿主变量*/
  EXEC SQL BEGIN DECLARE SECTION;
  VARCHAR usr[20],pass[20],serv[20];
  char name[8];
  int id,score;
  EXEC SQL END DECLARE SECTION;
  /*设置连接数据库的用户名、密码和数据库服务名*/
  strcpy(usr.arr,"test");
  usr.len=(unsigned short)strlen((char *)usr.arr);
  strcpy(pass.arr,"test");
  pass.len=(unsigned short)strlen((char *)pass.arr);
  strcpy(serv.arr,"MyDB");
  serv.len=(unsigned short)strlen((char *)serv.arr);
  /*以test用户连接数据库*/
  EXEC SQL CONNECT :usr IDENTIFIED BY :pass USING :serv;
  printf("Connect!\n");
  /*用户输入欲查询的ID号*/
  printf("请输入学生代码:");
  scanf("%d",&id);
  /*执行动态的SQL查询语句*/
  EXEC SQL SELECT id,name,score into :id,
  :name,:score from student where id=:id;
  printf("Name=%s    Score=%d\n",name,score);
  /*提交事务并断开与数据库的连接*/
EXEC SQL COMMIT WORK RELEASE;
  printf("Disconnect!\n");
}

#include <stdio.h>
EXEC SQL INCLUDE SQLCA;
void main()
{
  /*声明宿主变量*/
  EXEC SQL BEGIN DECLARE SECTION;
  VARCHAR usr[20],pass[20],serv[20];
  char name[8];
  int id,score;
  EXEC SQL END DECLARE SECTION;
  /*设置连接数据库的用户名、密码和数据库服务名*/
  strcpy(usr.arr,"test");
  usr.len=(unsigned short)strlen((char *)usr.arr);
  strcpy(pass.arr,"test");
  pass.len=(unsigned short)strlen((char *)pass.arr);
  strcpy(serv.arr,"MyDB");
  serv.len=(unsigned short)strlen((char *)serv.arr);
  /*以test用户连接数据库*/
  EXEC SQL CONNECT :usr IDENTIFIED BY :pass USING :serv;
  printf("Connect!\n");
  /*声明游标*/
  EXEC SQL DECLARE stu_cursor CURSOR FOR
  SELECT id,name,score from student;
  printf("DECLARE CURSOR OK!\n");
  /*打开游标*/
  EXEC SQL OPEN  stu_cursor;
  printf("OPEN CURSOR OK!\n");
  /*错误处理*/
  EXEC SQL WHENEVER NOT FOUND DO break;
  /*循环访问游标数据*/
  while(1)
  {
    EXEC SQL FETCH stu_cursor INTO :id,:name,:score;
    printf("Id=%d   Name=%s    Score=%d\n",id,name,score);
  }
  /*关闭游标*/
  EXEC SQL CLOSE stu_cursor;
  /*提交事务并断开与数据库的连接*/
  EXEC SQL COMMIT WORK RELEASE;
  printf("Disconnect!\n");
  }

Connection conn=DriverManager.getConnection
("jdbc:oracle:oci8:@","test","test");

conn=DriverManager.getConnection
("jdbc:oracle:thin:@10.1.14.34:1521:MyDB","test","test");

Statement pstmt=conn.createStatement();
      ResultSet rset= pstmt.executeQuery(query)

/* 导入Java类 */
import java.sql.*;
/* 主类 */
public class Stu
{
 public static void main(String argv[]) throws SQLException
 {
 
 /* 声明并初始化变量 */
 String query = new String("SELECT id,name,score FROM student");
 String name;
 int id,score;
 Connection conn=null;
 try{
 /*第一种注册JDBC的Oracle驱动的方法*/
 //Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver");
/*第二种注册JDBC的Oracle驱动的方法*/
 DriverManager.registerDriver
(new oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver());
 }catch(Exception e){
 System.out.println("Could not load drive:"+e);
 System.exit(-1);
}   
/*利用Thin驱动程序获取Oracle连接*/
 //conn=DriverManager.getConnection
("jdbc:oracle:thin:@10.1.14.34:1521:MyDB","test","test");
    //System.out.println("Connected with THIN CLIENT!");
    /*利用OCI驱动程序获取Oracle连接*/
    conn=DriverManager.getConnection
   ("jdbc:oracle:oci8:@","test","test");
    System.out.println("Connected with OCI8!\n");
    /* 使用try ... catch抓取并处理例外 */
    try {
      Statement pstmt=conn.createStatement();
      /* 执行SQL语句 */
      ResultSet rset= pstmt.executeQuery(query);
      /* 循环处理JDBC结果集的数据 */
      while(rset.next()) {
        id=rset.getInt(1);
        name = rset.getString(2);
        score=rset.getInt(3);
        System.out.println("ID=" + id);
        System.out.println("NAME=" + name);
        System.out.println("SCORE=" + score);
        System.out.println("---------------");
      }
      /* 关闭JDBC结果集 */
      rset.close();
      /* 关闭动态SQL语句 */
      pstmt.close();
    }
    catch(SQLException e) {
      System.out.println("出现SQL例外：" + e.getMessage());
    }
    conn.close();
  }
}
    编译、执行上述源程序，可显示出student表中所有记录。
    $javac Stu.java
    $java Stu